INTERPRETASI SIGNIFIKANSI TOLERANSI BERAGAMA DALAM SIMBOLISME PUPUH SUNDA MAGATRU MELALUI ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA MICHAEL RIFFATERRE
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Jul 8, 2021
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Berdasarkan laporan Setara Institute bahwa intensitas pelanggaran kebebasan beragama masih relatif tinggi. Potensi dan probabilitas pelanggaran bahkan diproyeksikan semakin meningkat secara signifikan, mengingat isu konservatisme dan intoleransi yang dikonversikan ke dalam berbagai format narasi. Selama pemerintahan Jokowi-JK, terdapat 846 kasus spesifik dengan 613 tindakan didominasi warga masyarakat dan organisasi keagamaan, sementara 447 tindakan dilakukan pemerintahan daerah, kepolisian, serta lembaga pendidikan, yang ketiganya menjadi bagian koheren dari institusi negara. Sampai dewasa ini, penanggulangan masalah intoleransi kehidupan beragama masih terkonsentrasi terhadap penegakan hukum, yang justru dipandang oleh masyarakat internasional sebagai restriksi terhadap ekspresi hak asasi manusia, ambiguitas dalam kebebasan beragama. Pendekatan preventif yang ada, cenderung tidak mengedepankan konsep kearifan lokal sebagai gagasan dengan pemandangan intelektualitas yang membawa kekuatan adekuat, dapat memecahkan permasalahan dalam waktu singkat, tidak terkecuali intoleransi beragama. Penelitian ini berusaha menghadirkan penyelidikan holistik terkait konteks signifikansi toleransi beragama dalam struktur Pupuh Sunda Magatru. Penelitian dengan berbasis deskriptis-analitis ini, dilakukan melalui analisis semiotika Michael Riffaterre, termasuk kajian secara mendalam terhadap 63 informasi,terdiri dari artikel nasional dan internasional serta literatur penunjang lain. Implikasi penelitian ini memberikan paradigma baru dalam merevitalisasi toleransi beragama berdasarkan kearifan lokal Sunda, melalui pengembangan model penanggulangan intoleransi beragama dalam penelitian lebih lanjut secara komprehensif.
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M. A. Hakim and E. Setiadi, “INTERPRETASI SIGNIFIKANSI TOLERANSI BERAGAMA DALAM SIMBOLISME PUPUH SUNDA MAGATRU MELALUI ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA MICHAEL RIFFATERRE”, JURNAL EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1-12, Jul. 2021.
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Daftar Referensi
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Khan, T., Österman, K., & Björkqvist, K. (2017). Severity and Reasons Behind Religious Intolerance in Pakistan: Perceptions of Sunnis, Shias, Ahmadis, and Christians. European Journal Of Social Science Education And Research, 4(4), 193-202.
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Chanifah, N., & Mustapa, A. (2016). Seeking Intersection Of Religions: An Alternative Solution to Prevent the Problem of Religious Intolerance in Indonesia. Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan, 24(2), 413-422. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ws.24.2.1088.
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Devotta, N. (2018). Religious Intolerance in Post-Civil War Sri Lanka. Asian Affairs, 49(2), 278–300. https://doi.org/10.1080/03068374.2018.1467660.
Dianita, G., Firdaus, E., & Anwar, S. (2019). Implementasi Pendidikan Toleransi di Sekolah: Sebuah Kearifan Lokal di Sekolah Nahdlatul Ulama. Tarbawy: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Education, 5(2), 162-173. https://doi.org/10.17509/t.v5i2.16752.
Facal, G. (2019). Islamic Defenders Front Militia (Front Pembela Islam) and its Impact on Growing Religious Intolerance in Indonesia. Trans: Trans Regional and National Studies of Southeast Asia, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1017/trn.2018.15.
Farid, M. (2018). Religious Intolerance and the Problematic of Religious Radicalism in Indonesia. UKM-Malaysia. Proceeding on 3rd International Seminar on Islamic Thought.
Fidiyani, R. (2013). Kerukunan Umat Beragama di Indonesia (Belajar Keharomonisan dan Toleransi Umat Beragama di Desa Cikakak, Kec. Wangon, Kab. Banyumas). Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 13(3), 468-482. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2013.13.3.256.
Fosnacht, K., & Broderick, C. (2020). Religious Intolerance on Campus: A Multi-Institution Study. Journal of College and Character, 21(4), 244-262. https://doi.org/10.1080/2194587X.2020.1822875.
Fox, J. (1999). The Influence of Religious Legitimacy on Grievance Formation by Ethno-Religious Minorities. Journal of Peace Research, 36(3), 289–307. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343399036003003.
George, C. (2014). Journalism and the Politics of Hate: Charting Ethical Responses to Religious Intolerance. Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 29(2), 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/08900523.2014.893771.
Greetz, Clifford. (1992). Tarfsir Kebudayaan. Terj. Francisco Budi Hadiman. Yogyakarta: Karnisus.
_____________. (1992). Kebudayaan dan Agama. Terj. Francisco Budi Hadiman. Yogyakarta: Karnisus.
Hadi, S., & Bayu, Y. (2021). Membangun Kerukunan Umat Beragama melalui Model Pembelajaran PAI Berbasis Kearifan Lokal pada Penguruan Tinggi. Tarbiyah Wa Ta'lim: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 8(1), 23-36. https://doi.org/10.21093/twt.v8i1.3111.
Hamayotsu, K. (2014). Conservative Turn? Religion, State and Conflict in Indonesia. Pacific Affairs, 87(4), 815–825. https://doi.org/10.5509/2014874815.
Hamid, S. (2018). Normalising Intolerance: Elections, Religion and Everyday Life in Indonesia. Centre for Indonesian Law, Islam and Society, University of Melbourne.
Haryanto, J. T. (2014). Kearifan Lokal Pendukung Kerukunan Beragama pada Komuntias Tengger Malang Jatim. Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion, 21(2), 201-213. https://doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v21i02.15.
Hasan, N. (2017). Religious Diversity and Blasphemy Law: Understanding Growing Religious Conflict and Intolerance in Post-Suharto Indonesia. Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 55(1), 105-126. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2017.551.105-126.
Hassan, M. B., & Umar, M. B. (2014). Ethno-religious intolerance as an impediment to nation building: the Nigerian experience. International Journal in Management & Social Science, 2(1), 130-150.
Hidayat, M. A., Suyanto, B., Sugihartati, R., Sirry, M. I., & Srimulyo, K. (2020). Sociomental of intolerance: explaining the socio-cognitive dimensions of religious intolerance among Indonesian youths. Journal of Talent Development and Excellence, 12(1), 2215-2236.
Hobolt, S. B., Van der Brug, W., De Vreese, C. H., Boomgaarden, H. G., & Hinrichsen, M. C. (2011). Religious Intolerance and Euroscepticism. European Union Politics, 12(3), 359–379. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116511404620.
Jackman, M. R. (1977). Prejudice, Tolerance, and Attitudes Toward Ethnic Groups. Social Science Research, 6(2), 145-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/0049-089X(77)90005-9.
Karpov, V., & Lisovskaya, E. (2008). Religious Intolerance among Orthodox Christians and Muslims in Russia. Religion, State and Society, 36(4), 361–377. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637490802442975.
Khan, T., Österman, K., & Björkqvist, K. (2017). Severity and Reasons Behind Religious Intolerance in Pakistan: Perceptions of Sunnis, Shias, Ahmadis, and Christians. European Journal Of Social Science Education And Research, 4(4), 193-202.
Komara, E., & Adiraharja, M. I. (2020). Integrasi Nilai-nilai Kearifan Lokal dalam Pembelajaran Kewirausahaan di SMK Negeri 10 Kota Bandung. Mimbar Pendidikan, 5(2), 117-130. https://doi.org/10.2121/mp.v5i2.1353.
Kossowska, M., & Sekerdej, M. (2015). Searching for Certainty: Religious Beliefs and Intolerance Toward Value-Violating Groups. Personality and Individual Differences, 83, 72–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.03.053.
Laksana, B. K. C., & Wood, B. E. (2018). Navigating Religious Diversity: Exploring Young People’s Lived Religious Citizenship in Indonesia. Journal of Youth Studies, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2018.1545998.
Langer, Susan. (1942). Philosophy in a New Key: A Study in Symbolism of Reason, Rite and Art. New York: A Mentor Book.
Marshall, P. (2018). The Ambiguities of Religious Freedom in Indonesia. The Review of Faith & International Affairs, 16(1), 85–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/15570274.2018.1433588.
Mary E. McCoy. (2013). Purifying Islam in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia: Corporatist Metaphors and the Riseof Religious Intolerance. Rhetoric and Public Affairs, 16(2), 275. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.16.2.0275.
Mietzner, M., & Muhtadi, B. (2018). Explaining the 2016 Islamist Mobilisation in Indonesia: Religious Intolerance, Militant Groups and the Politics of Accommodation. Asian Studies Review, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2018.1473335.
Mulder, N. (2001). Mistisisme Jawa. Yogyakarta: LKiS Yogyakarta.
Nasional Kompas. (2020). Setara: Ada 846 Kejadian Pelanggaran Kebebasan Beragama di Era Jokowi. Tersedia di https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/01/07/16031091/setara-ada-846-kejadian-pelanggaran-kebebasan-beragama-di-era-jokowi.
Nasional Tempo. (2019). Setara: Ada 2.400 Pelanggaran Kebebasan Beragama. Tersedia di https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1271038/setara-ada-2-400-insiden-pelanggaran-kebebasan-beragama/full&view=ok.
Nietzsche, Freidrich. W. (2002). Beyond Good and Evil: Prelude Menuju Filsafat Masa Depan, terjem. Basuki Heri Winarno. Yogyakarta: Ikon Teralitera.
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