PENGARUH EVALUASI NEGATIF TERHADAP KECEMASAN BERBAHASA INGGRIS PADA MAHASISWA DI PALANGKA RAYA
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Abstract
Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh evaluasi negatif terhadap kecemasan berbahasa Inggris pada mahasiswa di Kota Palangka Raya, Kalimantan Tengah. Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing menjadi tantangan bagi mahasiswa yang kerap menghadapi tekanan akademik dan sosial, termasuk ketakutan akan evaluasi negatif sehingga dapat meningkatkan kecemasan berbahasa asing termasuk bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 559 mahasiswa dari berbagai perguruan tinggi di Palangka Raya. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan dua instrumen: Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) untuk mengukur kecemasan berbahasa asing dan Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation (BFNE) untuk mengevaluasi ketakutan terhadap penilaian negatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif dan signifikan antara evaluasi negatif dan kecemasan berbahasa Inggris, meskipun pengaruhnya tergolong lemah. Hanya 7% variabilitas kecemasan berbahasa yang dapat dijelaskan oleh evaluasi negatif, sementara 93% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini juga menemukan variasi kecemasan berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, penguasaan bahasa daerah, dan pengalaman kursus bahasa asing. Temuan-temuan ini menekankan pentingnya menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang mendukung, bebas dari tekanan evaluasi negatif, guna mengurangi kecemasan mahasiswa dan meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran bahasa Inggris.
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[1]
J. Supardi, L. Sepniwati, and M. Angeli, “PENGARUH EVALUASI NEGATIF TERHADAP KECEMASAN BERBAHASA INGGRIS PADA MAHASISWA DI PALANGKA RAYA”, JURNAL EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 75-82, May 2025.
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References
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Aydin, S. (2008). An Investigation on the Language Anxiety and Fear of Negative Evaluation among Turkish EFL Learners. Asian EFL Journal Asian EFL Journal. Teaching Articles, 31(January), 421–444.
Briesmaster, M., & Briesmaster-Paredes, J. (2015). The relationship between teaching styles and NNPSETs’ anxiety levels. System, 49(2015), 145–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2015.01.012
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Graddol, D. (2006). Why Global English may Mean the End of “English as a Foreign Language.” United Kingdom: British Council.
Gregersen, T. (2023). Feedback matters: Thwarting the negative impact of language anxiety. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 43, 56–63. https://doi.org/10.1017/S026719052300003X
Han, S., Li, Y., & Haider, S. A. (2022). Impact of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety on Higher Education Students Academic Success: Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence and Moderating Influence of Classroom Environment. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(July). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.945062
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Kitano, K. (2001). Anxiety in the College Japanese Language Classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 85(4), 549–566. https://doi.org/10.1111/0026-7902.00125
Kurtoğlu, D., & Sabuncuoğlu, O. (2021). The Effects of Foreign Language Anxiety on Pupils at Secondary School. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2), 313–368. https://doi.org/10.17932/iau.efd.2015.013/efd_v07i2004
Leary, M. R. (1983). A Brief Version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9(3), 371–375.
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Mak, B. (2011). An exploration of speaking-in-class anxiety with Chinese ESL learners. System, 39(2), 202–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2011.04.002
Mao, Y. (2023). The Effects of Foreign Language Anxiety and Countermeasures. In Proceedings of the 2022 4th International Conference on Literature, Art and Human Development (ICLAHD 2022). Atlantis Press SARL. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-97-8
Miyondri, P. (2023). Analisis Kecemasan Siswa SMP dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Prancis Sebagai Bahasa Asing. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra, 23(1), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v23i1.59883
Mulyani, S. (2018). Investigating Factors Causing Students’ Anxiety in Speaking English. International Journal in Applied Linguistics of Parahikma, 1(1), 85–103. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325107390_Investigating_Factors_Causing_Students%27_Anxiety_in_Speaking_English
Neman, M. I. E., & Ganap, N. L. (2018). Student Anxiety in Learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The 65th TEFLIN International Conference, (July), 68–73.
Onwuegbuzie, A. J., Bailey, P., & Daley, C. E. (1999). Factors associated with foreign language anxiety. Applied Psycholinguistics, 20(2), 217–239. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1017/S0142716499002039
Oteir, I. N., & Al-Otaibi, A. N. (2019). Foreign Language Anxiety: A Systematic Review. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Volume, 10(3), 309–317. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol10no3.21
Piniel, K., & Zólyomi, A. (2022). Gender differences in foreign language classroom anxiety: Results of a meta-analysis. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 12(2), 173–203. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2022.12.2.2
Šafranj, J., & Zivlak, J. (2019). Effects of big five personality traits and fear of negative evaluation on foreign language anxiety. Croatian Journal of Education, 21(1), 275–306. https://doi.org/10.15516/cje.v21i1.2942
Shabani, M. B. (2012). Levels and sources of language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation among Iranian EFL learners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(11), 2378–2383. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.11.2378-2383
Sugiyono. (2013). Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tzoannopoulou, M. (2016). Foreign language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation in the Greek university classroom. International Symposium on Theoretical and Applied Linguistics (ISTAL), Istal 21, 823–838.
Zhang, L. J. (2001). Students’ Classroom Anxiety. Teaching and Learning, 21(2), 51–62.
Zuhri, N. A., Salija, K., & Sakkir, G. (2022). the Impacts of Speaking Anxiety on Students’ Learning Process. Journal of Technology in Language Pedagogy (JTechLP), 1(3), 324–336.
Aida, Y. (1990). Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope’s Construct of Foreign Language Anxiety: The Case of Students of Japanese. Modern Language Journal, 78(2), 155–168.
Amelia, F. (2022). The Differences among Gender in Speaking Anxiety of English Students at University of Islam Malang. Jurnal Penelitian, Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 17(2013).
Andrea, T. (2021). The effect of anxiety on foreign language academic achievement. Hungarian Educational Research Journal, 12, 193–201. https://doi.org/10.1556/063.2021.00098
Arnaiz, P., & Guillén, F. (2012). Foreign Language Anxiety in a Spanish University Setting: Interpersonal Differences. Revista de Psicodidactica, 17(1), 5–26.
Aydin, S. (2008). An Investigation on the Language Anxiety and Fear of Negative Evaluation among Turkish EFL Learners. Asian EFL Journal Asian EFL Journal. Teaching Articles, 31(January), 421–444.
Briesmaster, M., & Briesmaster-Paredes, J. (2015). The relationship between teaching styles and NNPSETs’ anxiety levels. System, 49(2015), 145–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2015.01.012
Dewaele, J.-M., & Al-Saraj, T. M. (2015). Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety of Arab learners of English: The effect of personality, linguistic and sociobiographical variables. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 5(2), 205–228. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2015.5.2.2
Dewaele, J. M., Botes, E., & Meftah, R. (2023). A Three-Body Problem: The effects of foreign language anxiety, enjoyment, and boredom on academic achievement. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 43, 7–22. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190523000016
Emeral, & Ristati. (2023). Investigating freshmen’s L2 speaking anxiety level in Indonesia. ENLIT Journal, 3(1), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.33654/enlit.v3i1.2133
English First. (2023). Daftar Peringkat Terbesar Berdasarkan Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris di Negara dan Wilayah Terbesar Dunia. In EF English Proficiency Index. Retrieved from https://www.ef.com.es/epi/ on March 15, 2024
Graddol, D. (2006). Why Global English may Mean the End of “English as a Foreign Language.” United Kingdom: British Council.
Gregersen, T. (2023). Feedback matters: Thwarting the negative impact of language anxiety. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 43, 56–63. https://doi.org/10.1017/S026719052300003X
Han, S., Li, Y., & Haider, S. A. (2022). Impact of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety on Higher Education Students Academic Success: Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence and Moderating Influence of Classroom Environment. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(July). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.945062
Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 70(2), 125–132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1986.tb05256.x
Kitano, K. (2001). Anxiety in the College Japanese Language Classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 85(4), 549–566. https://doi.org/10.1111/0026-7902.00125
Kurtoğlu, D., & Sabuncuoğlu, O. (2021). The Effects of Foreign Language Anxiety on Pupils at Secondary School. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2), 313–368. https://doi.org/10.17932/iau.efd.2015.013/efd_v07i2004
Leary, M. R. (1983). A Brief Version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9(3), 371–375.
Liu, M., & Yuan, R. (2021). Changes in and Effects of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety and Listening Anxiety on Chinese Undergraduate Students’ English Proficiency in the COVID-19 Context. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(May). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.670824
MacIntyre, P., & Gardner, R. (1989). Anxiety and Second‐Language Learning: Toward a Theoretical Clarification. Language Learning, 39(2), 251–275. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1989.tb00423.x
MacIntyre, P., & Gregersen, T. (2012). Anxiety and Other Emotions in Language Learning. In S. Mercer, S. Ryan, & M. William (Eds.), Psychology for Language Learning (pp. 103–118). London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1989.tb00423.x
Mak, B. (2011). An exploration of speaking-in-class anxiety with Chinese ESL learners. System, 39(2), 202–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2011.04.002
Mao, Y. (2023). The Effects of Foreign Language Anxiety and Countermeasures. In Proceedings of the 2022 4th International Conference on Literature, Art and Human Development (ICLAHD 2022). Atlantis Press SARL. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-97-8
Miyondri, P. (2023). Analisis Kecemasan Siswa SMP dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Prancis Sebagai Bahasa Asing. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra, 23(1), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v23i1.59883
Mulyani, S. (2018). Investigating Factors Causing Students’ Anxiety in Speaking English. International Journal in Applied Linguistics of Parahikma, 1(1), 85–103. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325107390_Investigating_Factors_Causing_Students%27_Anxiety_in_Speaking_English
Neman, M. I. E., & Ganap, N. L. (2018). Student Anxiety in Learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The 65th TEFLIN International Conference, (July), 68–73.
Onwuegbuzie, A. J., Bailey, P., & Daley, C. E. (1999). Factors associated with foreign language anxiety. Applied Psycholinguistics, 20(2), 217–239. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1017/S0142716499002039
Oteir, I. N., & Al-Otaibi, A. N. (2019). Foreign Language Anxiety: A Systematic Review. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Volume, 10(3), 309–317. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol10no3.21
Piniel, K., & Zólyomi, A. (2022). Gender differences in foreign language classroom anxiety: Results of a meta-analysis. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 12(2), 173–203. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2022.12.2.2
Šafranj, J., & Zivlak, J. (2019). Effects of big five personality traits and fear of negative evaluation on foreign language anxiety. Croatian Journal of Education, 21(1), 275–306. https://doi.org/10.15516/cje.v21i1.2942
Shabani, M. B. (2012). Levels and sources of language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation among Iranian EFL learners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(11), 2378–2383. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.11.2378-2383
Sugiyono. (2013). Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tzoannopoulou, M. (2016). Foreign language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation in the Greek university classroom. International Symposium on Theoretical and Applied Linguistics (ISTAL), Istal 21, 823–838.
Zhang, L. J. (2001). Students’ Classroom Anxiety. Teaching and Learning, 21(2), 51–62.
Zuhri, N. A., Salija, K., & Sakkir, G. (2022). the Impacts of Speaking Anxiety on Students’ Learning Process. Journal of Technology in Language Pedagogy (JTechLP), 1(3), 324–336.