PERAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DALAM USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR)
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Jan 30, 2026
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis temuan ilmiah terkait adopsi Artificial Intelligence (AI) pada Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berbasis metode PRISMA. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada basis data ilmiah bereputasi dengan membatasi sumber pada publikasi jurnal lima tahun terakhir (2020 – 2025). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi AI khususnya machine learning, natural language processing, dan generative AI telah diimplementasikan pada berbagai fungsi bisnis UKM seperti pemasaran, operasional, logistik, dan keuangan. Meskipun memberikan manfaat signifikan, proses adopsi AI pada UKM masih menghadapi tantangan seperti kurangnya kompetensi sumber daya manusia, infrastruktur teknologi yang belum memadai, serta ketiadaan strategi adopsi yang terstruktur
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F. Hikmah and S. Suakanto, “PERAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DALAM USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR)”, JURNAL EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 746-751, Jan. 2026.
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References
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Jafarzadeh, P., Vähämäki, T., Nevalainen, P., Tuomisto, A., & Heikkonen, J. (2025). Supporting SME companies in mapping out AI potential: A Finnish AI development case. Journal of Technology Transfer, 50(3), 1016–1035. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-024-10122-5
Jamil, K., Zhang, W., Anwar, A., & Mustafa, S. (2025). Exploring the influence of AI adoption and technological readiness on sustainable performance in Pakistani export sector manufacturing SMEs. Sustainability, 17(8), 3599. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083599
Jankovic, S. D., & Curovic, D. M. (2023). Strategic integration of artificial intelligence for sustainable businesses: Implications for data management and human user engagement in the digital era. Sustainability, 15(21), 15208. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115208
Jung, W.-K., et al. (2021). Appropriate smart factory for SMEs: Concept, application and perspective. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 22(1), 201–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-020-00445-2
Kandeel, M. E., Saleh, B. A., Elrefae, G., & Elsantil, Y. G. (2024). Empowering small and medium enterprises (SMEs) through artificial intelligence. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Data Science Technologies and Applications (IDSTA) (pp. 191–196). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IDSTA62194.2024.10746984
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Li, Q. (2023). Assistance of Internet of Things to intelligent business management model of supply chain finance and modern logistics enterprises. International Journal of Data Warehousing and Mining, 19(4), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJDWM.323189
Magableh, I. K., Mahrouq, M. H., Ta’Amnha, M. A., & Riyadh, H. A. (2024). The role of marketing artificial intelligence in enhancing sustainable financial performance of medium-sized enterprises. Sustainability, 16(24), 11279. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411279
Metzger, M., O’Reilly, S., & Mac an Bhaird, C. (2025). Generative artificial intelligence augmenting SME financial management. Technovation, 147, 103313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2025.103313
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Panigrahi, R. R., et al. (2023). AI chatbot adoption in SMEs for sustainable manufacturing supply chain performance. Sustainability, 15(18), 13743. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813743
Pariso, P., Picariello, M., & Marino, A. (2025). How AI can aim and reduce the annual amount of energy consumption in European SMEs. Macromolecular Symposia, 414(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.70045
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Peretz-Andersson, E., Tabares, S., Mikalef, P., & Parida, V. (2024). Artificial intelligence implementation in manufacturing SMEs: A resource orchestration approach. International Journal of Information Management, 77, 102781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2024.102781
Qu, C., & Kim, E. (2025). Artificial-intelligence-enabled innovation ecosystems: A triple-layer framework for MSMEs. Sustainability, 17(11), 5019. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115019
Quttainah, M. A., Yadav, R., Singh, S. K., & Rathnasiri, M. S. H. (2025). The role of SMEs in the AI-driven outsourcing landscape. In AI and global outsourcing (pp. 163–176). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1270-5.ch009
Tawil, A.-R. H., Mohamed, M., Schmoor, X., Vlachos, K., & Haidar, D. (2024). Trends and challenges towards effective data-driven decision making in UK SMEs. Big Data and Cognitive Computing, 8(7), 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc8070079
Wang, S., & Zhang, H. (2025). Promoting sustainable development goals through generative artificial intelligence in the digital supply chain. Sustainable Development, 33(1), 1231–1248. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.3152
Weber, P. (2023). Unrealistic optimism regarding artificial intelligence opportunities in human resource management. International Journal of Knowledge Management, 19(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKM.317217
Zhao, J., Zhang, L., & Zhao, Y. (2022). Informatization of accounting systems in SMEs based on AI-enabled cloud computing. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6089195
Arroyabe, M. F., Arranz, C. F. A., Arroyabe, I. F. de, & Arroyabe, J. C. F. de. (2024). Analyzing AI adoption in European SMEs: A study of digital capabilities, innovation, and external environment. Technology in Society, 79, 102733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102733
Cagiza, C., Faustino, M., Cagiza, I., & Cajiza, A. (2025). AI-powered advisory platforms for sustainable marketing innovation in SMEs: Empirical evidence from underserved U.S. markets. Sustainability, 17(20), 9336. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17209336
Chatterjee, S., Rana, N. P., Dwivedi, Y. K., & Baabdullah, A. M. (2021). Understanding AI adoption in manufacturing and production firms using an integrated TAM–TOE model. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 170, 120880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120880
Choudrie, J., Manandhar, N., Castro, C., & Obuekwe, C. (2023). Hey Siri, Google! Can you help me? A qualitative case study of smartphones AI functions in SMEs. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 189, 122375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122375
Crockett, K., Colyer, E., Gerber, L., & Latham, A. (2023). Building trustworthy AI solutions: A case for practical solutions for small businesses. IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence, 4(4), 778–791. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAI.2021.3137091
Damnjanović, A. M., et al. (2025). AI-enabled strategic transformation and sustainable outcomes in Serbian SMEs. Sustainability, 17(19), 8672. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17198672
Dash, A. (2025). AI and its impact on the growth of the small medium enterprises. In Artificial intelligence and business growth (pp. 73–132). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-9611-7.ch004
De Noronha, T., & Vaz, E. (2020). Theoretical foundations in support of small and medium towns. Sustainability, 12(13), 5312. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135312
Dey, P. K., Chowdhury, S., Abadie, A., Yaroson, E. V., & Sarkar, S. (2024). Artificial intelligence-driven supply chain resilience in Vietnamese manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises. International Journal of Production Research, 62(15), 5417–5456. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2023.2179859
Farmanesh, P., Solati Dehkordi, N., Vehbi, A., & Chavali, K. (2025). Artificial intelligence and green innovation in SMEs and competitive-advantage drive toward achieving sustainable development goals. Sustainability, 17(5), 2162. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17052162
Feng, Z. (2022). Simulation analysis of artificial intelligence in enterprise financial management based on parallel computing. Mobile Information Systems, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2958176
Goga, A.-S., Toth, Z., Meclea, M.-A., Puiu, I.-R., & Boșcoianu, M. (2024). The proliferation of artificial intelligence in the forklift industry—An analysis for the case of Romania. Sustainability, 16(21), 9306. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16219306
Hernández, V., Revilla, A., & Rodríguez, A. (2024). Digital data-driven technologies and the environmental sustainability of micro, small, and medium enterprises: Does size matter? Business Strategy and the Environment, 33(6), 5563–5582. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3765
Hilal, A. M., Alsolai, H., Al-Wesabi, F. N., Al-Hagery, M. A., Hamza, M. A., & Al Duhayyim, M. (2022). Artificial intelligence based optimal functional link neural network for financial data science. Computers, Materials & Continua, 70(3), 6289–6304. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.021522
Ines, J. C., et al. (2024). The role of AI in enhancing decision-making in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In Proceedings of the 2024 2nd International Conference on Computing and Data Analytics (ICCDA) (pp. 1–4). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCDA64887.2024.10867356
Islam, A., Islam, M. A., Dal Mas, F., Fijałkowska, J., Rahman, M., & Massaro, M. (2025). Configuring AI-guided sustainable competitive advantage for SMEs through business model innovation: A systematic literature review approach. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 78, 101921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2025.101921
Jafarzadeh, P., Vähämäki, T., Nevalainen, P., Tuomisto, A., & Heikkonen, J. (2025). Supporting SME companies in mapping out AI potential: A Finnish AI development case. Journal of Technology Transfer, 50(3), 1016–1035. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-024-10122-5
Jamil, K., Zhang, W., Anwar, A., & Mustafa, S. (2025). Exploring the influence of AI adoption and technological readiness on sustainable performance in Pakistani export sector manufacturing SMEs. Sustainability, 17(8), 3599. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083599
Jankovic, S. D., & Curovic, D. M. (2023). Strategic integration of artificial intelligence for sustainable businesses: Implications for data management and human user engagement in the digital era. Sustainability, 15(21), 15208. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115208
Jung, W.-K., et al. (2021). Appropriate smart factory for SMEs: Concept, application and perspective. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 22(1), 201–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-020-00445-2
Kandeel, M. E., Saleh, B. A., Elrefae, G., & Elsantil, Y. G. (2024). Empowering small and medium enterprises (SMEs) through artificial intelligence. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Data Science Technologies and Applications (IDSTA) (pp. 191–196). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IDSTA62194.2024.10746984
Khan, S. A. R., Sheikh, A. A., Al Shamsi, I. R., & Yu, Z. (2025). The implications of artificial intelligence for SMEs’ sustainable development in blockchain technology, supply chain resilience, and closed-loop supply chains. Sustainability, 17(1), 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17010334
Le Dinh, T., Vu, M.-C., & Tran, G. T. C. (2025). Artificial intelligence in SMEs: Enhancing business functions through technologies and applications. Information, 16(5), 415. https://doi.org/10.3390/info16050415
Li, Q. (2023). Assistance of Internet of Things to intelligent business management model of supply chain finance and modern logistics enterprises. International Journal of Data Warehousing and Mining, 19(4), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJDWM.323189
Magableh, I. K., Mahrouq, M. H., Ta’Amnha, M. A., & Riyadh, H. A. (2024). The role of marketing artificial intelligence in enhancing sustainable financial performance of medium-sized enterprises. Sustainability, 16(24), 11279. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411279
Metzger, M., O’Reilly, S., & Mac an Bhaird, C. (2025). Generative artificial intelligence augmenting SME financial management. Technovation, 147, 103313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2025.103313
Page, M. J., et al. (2021). PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: Updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n160.
Panigrahi, R. R., et al. (2023). AI chatbot adoption in SMEs for sustainable manufacturing supply chain performance. Sustainability, 15(18), 13743. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813743
Pariso, P., Picariello, M., & Marino, A. (2025). How AI can aim and reduce the annual amount of energy consumption in European SMEs. Macromolecular Symposia, 414(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.70045
Pérez-Campdesuñer, R., Sánchez-Rodríguez, A., García-Vidal, G., Martínez-Vivar, R., & De Miguel-Guzmán, M. (2025). Artificial intelligence in Ecuadorian SMEs: Drivers and obstacles to adoption. Information, 16(6), 443. https://doi.org/10.3390/info16060443
Peretz-Andersson, E., Tabares, S., Mikalef, P., & Parida, V. (2024). Artificial intelligence implementation in manufacturing SMEs: A resource orchestration approach. International Journal of Information Management, 77, 102781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2024.102781
Qu, C., & Kim, E. (2025). Artificial-intelligence-enabled innovation ecosystems: A triple-layer framework for MSMEs. Sustainability, 17(11), 5019. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115019
Quttainah, M. A., Yadav, R., Singh, S. K., & Rathnasiri, M. S. H. (2025). The role of SMEs in the AI-driven outsourcing landscape. In AI and global outsourcing (pp. 163–176). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1270-5.ch009
Tawil, A.-R. H., Mohamed, M., Schmoor, X., Vlachos, K., & Haidar, D. (2024). Trends and challenges towards effective data-driven decision making in UK SMEs. Big Data and Cognitive Computing, 8(7), 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc8070079
Wang, S., & Zhang, H. (2025). Promoting sustainable development goals through generative artificial intelligence in the digital supply chain. Sustainable Development, 33(1), 1231–1248. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.3152
Weber, P. (2023). Unrealistic optimism regarding artificial intelligence opportunities in human resource management. International Journal of Knowledge Management, 19(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKM.317217
Zhao, J., Zhang, L., & Zhao, Y. (2022). Informatization of accounting systems in SMEs based on AI-enabled cloud computing. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6089195