THE INFLUENCE OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND INCENTIVES ON ELECTRIC VEHICLE ADOPTION INTENTION IN PEKANBARU CITY: IMPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT PLANNING
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Abstract
The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) represents a key pillar of Green Urbanism in reducing urban transport emissions. This study aims to analyze the influence of infrastructure and incentive policies on the intention to use electric vehicles in Pekanbaru City, Riau Province, as well as to examine their implications for sustainable transport planning. A quantitative approach was employed using Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Data were collected from 51 respondents using purposive sampling through structured questionnaires administered to residents of Pekanbaru City, covering infrastructure variables, specifically Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS/SPKLU), and both fiscal and non-fiscal incentive policies. The results indicate that infrastructure does not have a significant effect on EV adoption intention (p = 0.355), whereas incentives have a significant and more dominant influence (p = 0.031). These findings suggest that, in the early stage of transition, users are more responsive to economic and operational incentives than to physical infrastructure availability. The study implies that the development of an EV ecosystem requires the integration of incentive-based policies with spatial planning approaches, including prioritizing EVCS deployment and aligning it with the urban transport system.
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